Website authentication using an internet-connected device

ABSTRACT

The invention is an authentication framework that enables a user to log in to a website using an Internet-connected device, such as smartphone, smart watch, smart glasses, or tablet, while browsing on a computer. The framework makes it easier for people with certain disabilities to log in to a website, such as by removing the mandatory step of entering usernames and passwords while giving users multiple options through which they are establish their identity using Internet-connected devices. For example, gyroscope, camera, microphone, or the accelerometer can be used to provide credentials. This approach of the framework greatly reduces the number of barriers that a user with disability encounters when trying to use password-based authentication on the Internet.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to website authentication frameworks and,more particularly, to a framework involving the use of anInternet-connected device to avoid manually inputting information intowebsite login screens.

2. Description of the Related Art

Password-based authentication is the standard mechanism for logging into websites. While the use of passwords is associated with numerous userexperience and security issues, alternative authentication mechanismsare not necessarily better than password schemes. The tasks imposed by apassword-based workflow typically involve a number of challenges for webusers, such as picking hard-to-guess passwords, detect phishingwebsites, installing updates/patches, and following security guidelines.These seemingly mundane tasks can be daunting for users withdisabilities. Often, the restrictions imposed by assistive technologieshinder the user experience because of bad/inaccessible design.Additionally, certain features of assistive technologies may posesecurity threats to users when trying to log in to a website. Forexample, a blind user using screen reader software would need to wearearphones to protect his credentials from being overheard while typing,which then makes it more difficult for the blind user to detectobservers. Indeed, users with disabilities face numerous issues with theotherwise simple task of filling out a basic login form.

Removing the act of typing/entering credentials on the computer cangreatly improve the user experience of the password-based workflow thatis the current standard on the web. Built-in features to remembercredentials have been added to modern browsers and commercial passwordmanager products are available in the market to overcome some ofdifficulties of the password-based workflow. However, these alternativesmay only be helpful when user is trying to log in using the samecomputer. Moreover, anyone with unauthorized access to that computer'sbrowser would be able to access the user's protected resources if thelog in form is pre-filled with the user's credentials. Alternatively, ifa user types in her credentials on a public or shared computer (e.g., ina public library or an Internet cafe), then there is a potential riskthat the computer was infected with key logger software which can stealthe user's credential.

Because of the mobility factor of many types of Internet-connecteddevices such as smart phones, they can offer many resources (e.g.,gyroscope, accelerometer, magnetometer, camera, microphone, gravitysensors, fingerprint sensors) that allow for strategies that make use ofone or more authentication factors (e.g. biometrics, passphrase,behavioral biometrics) to be used for logging in to a website, ratherthan imposing the task of filling out a login form to everyone.Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a framework that avoids theneed to type or enter credentials into a computer by using the variousstrategies that are available to a user with a smartphone or internetconnected smart device.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is a system for authenticating access to a websitethat has a login page programmed to send a request for a one-time tokenand to broadcast the one-time token upon receipt, a communication serverprogrammed to establish a secure channel with the login page, to receivethe request for the one-time token from the login page, and to providethe one-time token to the login page, and a password manager associatedwith a mobile device and having a database for storing user credentials,wherein the password manager is programmed to receive the one-time tokenfrom the login page using a first predetermined strategy and to providethe one-time token to the communication server. The communication serveris further programmed to receive the one-time token from the passwordmanager and, if the one-time token is valid, provide the one-time tokento the login page a second time. The login page is further programmed tosend the populated login form to the communication server and thecommunication server is programmed to send the populated login form tothe password manager. The first predetermined strategy is the use of themobile device in a manner other than typing on a keyboard associatedwith the mobile. For example, the first predetermined strategy may bemoving the mobile device is a predetermined manner. The firstpredetermined strategy may also be using the mobile device to record asound played by the login page. The first predetermined strategy mayalso be using the mobile device to scan a barcode displayed by the loginpage.

The present invention is also a method of providing user credentials bysending a request for a one-time token from a login page to acommunication server, establishing a secure channel between the loginpage and the communication server, sending a one-time token from thecommunication server to the login page, broadcasting the one-time tokenfrom the login page to a mobile device having a password manager and anassociated database with predetermined user credentials, using a firstpredetermined strategy with the mobile device to read the one-timetoken, transmitting the one-time token from the password manager of themobile device to the communication server, verifying the one-time tokenwith the communication server and sending the verified one-time token tothe login page, forwarding a request for credentials to thecommunication server if the verified one-time token matches the one-timetoken initially provided by the communication server, sending therequest for credentials from the communication server to the passwordmanager of the mobile device, asking the user to authenticate to themobile device through a second predetermined strategy of using themobile device, retrieving, decrypting and sending the login credentialsto the communication server, and forwarding the login credentials fromthe communication server to send the login page. As discussed above, thesecond predetermined strategy is the use of the mobile device in amanner other than typing on a keyboard associated with the mobile, suchas moving the mobile device is a predetermined manner, using the mobiledevice to record a sound played by the login page, or using the mobiledevice to scan a barcode displayed by the login page.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING(S)

The present invention will be more fully understood and appreciated byreading the following Detailed Description in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic of the authentication flow in a frameworkaccording to the present invention when user credentials are not found;

FIG. 2 is a schematic of the authentication flow in a frameworkaccording to the present invention when user credentials are found;

FIG. 3 is a schematic of the authentication flow in a frameworkaccording to the present invention when login is accomplished manuallyand remembered for the future; and

FIG. 4 is a schematic of the authentication flow in a frameworkaccording to the present invention with user registration.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer tolike parts throughout, there is seen in FIGS. 1 through 4 a framework 10that provides for a variety of authentication strategies in lieu ofhaving to type user credentials into an Internet browser. Framework 10can support a wide range of Internet-connected devices such assmartphones, tablets, and smart watches, and is merely illustrated inFIG. 1 using a smartphone as an example.

The present invention comprises an authentication framework thatleverages user experience issues of password-based workflows through theuse of features available on an Internet-connected device, such as asmartphone, a smart watch, smart glasses, or a tablet. Morespecifically, the framework reduces the need for typing passwords on akeyboard as much as possible by giving users alternatives to enteringpasswords when logging in to a website. The framework also provides aplatform that allows a variety of strategies for authentication to beimplemented and catered to a broad range of users, especially those withdisabilities that greatly hinder their interaction when enteringpasswords on the web. The framework of the present invention relies onthe Internet-connected device to be a personal password manager. Inorder for a user to access a protected website, the user can authorizesending the credentials (including their password) to the page thatcontains the login form through an authentication strategy thataddresses the particular needs of the user. For example, a blind usercould provide appropriate log in credentials to an email account bypositioning a smartphone configured according to the framework in closeproximity to the computer through which the user is attempting to accessthe email account and then shaking the smartphone in a predeterminedmanner or scanning a fingerprint.

The framework of the present invention has a universal design approachto web authentication and is easily extensible, thereby allowingdevelopers to create and implement accessible strategies to transfer theauthentication tokens from the login page to the mobile application fordevice pairing purposes as well as accessible strategies to authenticatea user to the mobile application on the Internet-connected device inorder to transfer the login credential to the login page.

More particularly, framework 10 involves the use of a communicationserver 12 that creates a secure channel through which a password manager14 and a login page 16 can communicate. Framework 10 thus includes apassword manager 14 that stores user credentials and requires userauthentication in order to authorize sending the credentials to thelogin page. Preferably, the password manager 14 is configured as amobile application installed onto the Internet-connected device of auser. A user enters his or her credentials into login page 16 during aninitial configuration and have the user credential provided to passwordmanager 14 via communication server 12 before password manager 14 canprovide the necessary authentication as described below. Alternatively,the user enters credentials into password manager 14 at an initialconfiguration. Framework 10 also includes a login page 16, which issimply the Internet website page that the user desires to access via aweb browser on a computer. Login page 16 includes the login form that,once the appropriate information is provided by the user, will allow theuser to access the particular application or website that the user istrying access by providing login credentials.

Login page 16 is configured to broadcast a one-time token for pairingwith password manager 14 and then filling out the login form oncecredentials are received from password manager 14. The one-time token isused strictly to create a channel between password manager 14 and loginpage 16, and it is not intended to identify the user. Framework 10further includes one or more strategies 18 that are used to facilitatethe one-time token transfer from login page 16 to password manager 14,and to also to authenticate a user to password manager 14. Strategies 18may be based on the various hardware capabilities of theInternet-connected device that go beyond the manual entry of credentialsinto a keypad, e.g., accelerometer, microphone, camera, gyroscope, GPS,biometrics, and combinations thereof, as well as based on visual ornon-visual techniques, e.g. scanning a blinking computer screen,recording a sound played by the computer.

As seen in FIGS. 1 through 4, framework 10 implements a methodology thatallows for a user to avoid the act of typing/entering credentials into aweb browser of a computer while taking advantage of the strategies thatare available to a user with an Internet-connected device. First, a useruses a web browser on a computer to access a login page 16. Second,login page 16 identifies whether there is either a login form or aregistration form on the page, if that's the case, it requests aone-time pairing token from communication server 12. One-time token is anon-sequential, short, unique identifier, such a 9-character, randomlycomposed string randomly (e.g., AZaz0-9_#). One-time token is usedstrictly to create for identifying the communication channel betweenlogin page 16 and password manager 14. Third, communication server 12generates and sends the requested one-time token to login page 16.Fourth, login page 16 broadcasts the one-time token received fromcommunication server 12 and then the user either transfers the token topassword manager 14 or password manager 14 reads the token beingbroadcast by login page 16, based on the previously described strategiesavailable. For example, the one-time token may be broadcast bydisplaying QR Code that the user may scan with the smartphone to providethe one-time token to password manager 14. Alternatively, login page 16may broadcast one-time token in a manner than password manager 14 canaccept without user manipulation of the smartphone, such as a series ofaudible or even inaudible tones that can nevertheless be detected by theInternet-connected device. Fifth, the device transmits the one-timetoken to communication server 12 using the communication system of thesmartphone. Sixth, communication server 12 verifies the validity of theone-time token and, if valid, sends one-time token to login page 16.Login page 16 then verifies that the second one-time token received fromcommunication server 12 matches the one-time token originally providedto login page 16 by communication server 12. Seventh, in the event thatlogin page 16 contains a registration form, then the user will beprompted whether or not to send the credentials to password manager 14when the registration form is submitted. If the user chooses to do so,then the credentials will be sent to communication server 12 andcommunication server 12 will forward the credentials to password manager14. Password manager 14 will ask authentication from the user based onstrategies previously described, if authentication is successful, thenpassword manager 14 will encrypt and store the credentials for the URL.If login page 16 contains a login form, the user will be asked if he orshe wants to use password manager 14 to supply the credentials for loginpage 16. If the user chooses to do so, login page 16 sends a request forcredentials for the current URL (e.g. site open on the computer) tocommunication server 12. Eighth, communication server 12 then sends therequest for credentials to the password manager 14 via the communicationsystem of the Internet-connected device. Ninth, password manager 14requests authentication from the user. Tenth, the user authorizespassword manager 14 to send credentials to login page 16, based onpreviously described strategies available on password manager 14. In theevent that this is the credentials for the requested URL are not foundin password manager 14 after successful authentication to passwordmanager 14, the password manager will send a request for credentials tocommunication server 12. In this case, the password manager 14 is theone waiting for credentials and login page 16 is the one to send thecredentials roles are switched. Communication server 12 will forward therequest for credentials to the login page 16, the login page 16 willprompt the user to complete the login form manually on the login page16. When completing and submitting the login form on login page 16, theuser will be prompted whether or not to save the credentials on passwordmanager 14. If the user chooses to do so, login page 16 will sendcredentials to communication server 12 and communication server 12 willforward the credentials to password manager 14. Password manager 14 willencrypt and store credentials for the URL. If login page 16 has beenaccessed before and credentials stored locally into the password manager14 for given Internet address (i.e. website or domain), then the usersimply needs to authorize password manager 14 to provide the appropriatelocally stored credentials using appropriate strategy 18. For example,one acceptable strategy 18 may comprise shaking the Internet-connecteddevice (e.g., a smart phone) in a particular predetermined manner toprovide user authentication. Eleventh, following successful userauthentication to password manager 14, password manager 14 will retrieveand decrypt login credentials. Twelfth password manager 12 sendscredentials to communication server 12. Thirteenth, communication server12 sends the user credentials to login page 16, which automaticallypopulates the login form so that the user can log into the desiredwebpage. Framework 10 will also support automatically submitting theform once the login form is populated with the received credentials.Additionally, when the page loads, the user may choose not to completethe login form with password manager 14. In this case, the user willcomplete the login form manually on login page 16 and have the option totransfer the login credentials to password manager 14. If the userchooses to do so, then the pairing process is initiated and the sameprocess described in the seventh step of this section as if the loginpage contained a registration form credentials are sent from login page16 to communication server 12, then from communication server 12 topassword manager 14. Password manager 14 asks the user forauthentication based on previously described strategies 18 and encryptsthe login credentials and saves it for future use upon successfulauthentication to password manager 14. This and the other different userscenarios represented in FIGS. 1 to 4 may cause steps described in thisdescription to change order.

Communication between communication server 12, password manager 14, andlogin page 16 is preferably accomplished through the Transport LayerSecurity (TLS) protocol. Login page 16 may be implemented using aJavaScript library that is included as part of a particular webpage bythe webpage developers or via a browser plugin, in which case thepairing between login page 16 and password manager 14 may last longer(i.e. the browser plugin and the password manager listen to the samesecure channel of communication server as long as they hold the pairingtoken), by storing the one-time pairing token locally on passwordmanager 14 and on the browser plugin, so that a new device pairingbetween login page 16 and password manager 14 may not be necessary, thusimproving the user experience. The replacement of device pairing taskwhen a browser plugin is implemented is characterized by a notificationbeing sent to password manager 14 so that the user will know that loginpage 16 is requesting login credentials. Alternatively, JavaScriptlibrary on login page 16 can use built-in browser features to persistsaid token in local storage for the same purposes (e.g. skip pairinglogin page 16 and password manager 14).

Password manager 14 is preferably a mobile application, such as anAndroid or iOS application on an Internet-connected device. Passwordmanager 14 is programmed to encrypt and store credentials locally on thedevice. Password manager 14 is also programmed to read the one-timetoken being broadcast by the login page 16 to establish communicationwith communication server 12 or login page 16 directly if no server 12(e.g. through hardware available in strategies 18). Password manager 14is further programmed to perform authentication, either by giving theuser the option to choose a strategy or by inferring the appropriatestrategy through machine learning techniques. Acceptable strategies areways of input/output that a user can use to interact with passwordmanager 14. For example, a blind user could speak a passphrase so that avoice recognition strategy can authenticate the user or scan afingerprint for authentication. Password manager 14 is additionallyprogrammed to sending authorized credentials to login page 16 via thecommunication server 12.

Communication server 12 may be configured as a Web Sockets server andimplemented with Node.js or any server-side language or configuration.Communication server 12 is programmed to generate new one-time tokens,creating a secure communication channel between the mobile applicationacting as password manager 14 and the JavaScript Library or browserplugin acting as login page 14. Communication server 12 is alsoprogrammed to receive one-time tokens from password manager 14 and tosend them to the JavaScript library or browser plugin of login page 14for handshaking. Communication server 12 is further programmed toreceive credentials from password manager 14 and send them to login page16 (or vice versa).

Once login page 16 with the JavaScript library is loaded, login page 16is going to give the user the option to use their personal passwordmanager 14, which may be available through their Internet-connecteddevices to log in. If the user chooses to do so, login page 16 willrequest a new one-time token from Web Sockets communication server 12.Once this request is received, Web Sockets communication server 12places the JavaScript library (a Web Sockets client) of login page 16into a room. The JavaScript library then starts waiting for mobileapplication password manager 14 to join the same room, as identified bythe one-time token alone, which will happen once the Web Socketscommunication server 12 gets a token from the password manager 14 andthe token is a valid token (i.e., it was previously generated by WebSockets communication server 12 and broadcasted by the JavaScriptlibrary of login page 16).

Password manager 14 reads the token being broadcast by login page 16,either through user input or a through a strategy (e.g. QR Codescanning, audio passphrase, high-frequency audio tones, etc.). Framework10 thus establishes a channel of communication between login page 16 andpassword manager 14 in a way that password manager 14 and login page 16know where to send credentials by using a token string that can berepresented in many forms, as long as there is a mechanism (i.e.strategy) to either allow the user to understand and transfer it topassword manager 14 or to allow password manager 14 to read it directlyfrom login page 16 (or vice versa). Once password manager 14 reads thetoken, it will send the token to Web Sockets communication server 12. Ifthere is a match between the token and the room previously created forthe JavaScript library of login page 16, the smartphone with passwordmanager 14 will be allowed to join the room. When the Internet-connecteddevice with password manager 14 joins the room, Web Socketscommunication server 12 will tell the JavaScript library of login page16 that password manager 14 has joined in by sending the token it justreceived from password manager 14. Once password manager 14 and theJavaScript library of login page 16 are in the same room, it is possibleto send data back and forth between login page 16 (JavaScript Library)and password manager 14. When a browser plugin is implemented or browserbuilt-in capabilities allow for local storage of information, the stepsrequired to make password manager 14 and login page 16 join the samecommunication room through a token will only be necessary if there is nopairing token stored locally on the browser plugin. In this case, thepairing token will be stored locally after the first time and may expireor get replaced after a predetermined elapsed time. This approach willallow for the browser plugin and password manager 14 to stay in the samecommunication room for a longer period of time. The storage is notpermanent or unique per login page or per browser (i.e. token could bereplaced automatically or manually).

When JavaScript library of login page 16 receives a notification that apassword manager 14 has joined the same room, it will stop waiting for atoken. At this moment, if the token in memory matches the token receivedfrom the server, the JavaScript library of login page 16 will send thewebsite domain requesting credentials for that URL to password manager14. From this moment on, JavaScript library or browser plugin of loginpage 16 will start waiting for credentials.

At the same time, password manager 14 of the Internet-connected devicereceives a request to ask the user for authentication before decryptingand sharing credentials for the URL that was received from communicationserver 16 as well as the token from communication server 16 for anadditional handshake. If the token does not match, the process may berestarted. If the token is valid, password manager 14 will stop waitingfor new requests for credentials and will prompt the user to provide apredetermined authentication strategy 18. Strategies 18 may accommodatethe particular conditions of a broad range of users. For example, a userwith motion-impairment could speak a passphrase, thus combining voicerecognition and the correct passphrase (two-factor authentication),rather than trying to shake the Internet-connected device in apredetermined way. Upon successful authentication, password manager 14will review the origin URL and look for a match in local storage todetermine whether valid credentials have been previously stored. If amatch is not found in password manager 14, password manager 14 will senda request for credentials to communication server 12, which will forwardthis request to login page 16. Login page 16 will ask the user tocomplete the login form on the computer manually while password manager14 waits for credentials. Once the login form is completed andsubmitted, the user is given the option to send the user credentials topassword manager 14 for future use. Choosing to do so will make loginpage 16 forward the user credentials to communication server 12, whichwill forward the user credentials to password manager 14. Passwordmanager 14 will then encrypt and store the user credentials for the URLand no longer wait for new credentials from that moment on.

If password manager 14 finds previously stored credentials, passwordmanager 14 retrieves and decrypts stored credentials.

Password manager 14 sends the stored credentials to Web Socketscommunication server 12 over TLS. Once Web Sockets communication server12 receives the credentials from password manager 14, the credentialsare sent to the JavaScript library or browser plugin of login page 16,which is waiting for credentials. Once the credentials are sent to theJavaScript library or browser plugin of login page 16, it will stopwaiting for credentials and will automatically fill in and submit thelogin form so that the user is authenticated to the particular website.The particular web application server knows nothing about this processbecause it all happens on the client side, with the help of theJavaScript library or browser plugin of login page 16. Framework 10preferably does not keep track of whether authentication was successfulor not.

In use, the present invention thus allows a user that navigates to loginpage 16 that requires user credentials to supply the user credentialssimply by electing to supply user credentials from a separate mobiledevice and then using the appropriate strategy on the mobile device whenpassword manager 14 is contacted by the login page 16, e.g., scan afingerprint. If login page 16 has not previously been configured, theuser can simply enter the user credentials manually and elect to havethe user credentials and the association with the particular login page16 stored by password manager 14. Storage can be confirmed using anappropriate strategy, e.g., scan a fingerprint or scan a QR code onlogin page 16. Pairing can be done either at the beginning (when userchooses to use password manager 14 to fill the login form) or at the end(when users choose to remember the credentials with password manager14). Credentials can thus come from both login page 16 and passwordmanager 14. If coming from password manager 14, they will complete thelogin form of login page 16. If coming from login page 16, they willcreate or overwrite user credentials on password manager 14.

Framework 10 thus provides an extensible platform that incorporatesvarious authentication mechanisms for serving the needs of a wide rangeof users. The standard workflow for logging in to a website stillrequires people to enter passwords, along with all known difficultiesand challenges with passwords (e.g. password strength, rememberpasswords). Framework 10 simplifies the password management tasks andoffers more authentication mechanisms that can better fit users' diverseneeds, including the needs of impaired users.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system for authenticating access to a website,comprising: a login page programmed to send a request for a one-timetoken and to broadcast said one-time token upon receipt; a communicationserver programmed to establish a secure channel with said login page, toreceive the request for said one-time token from said login page, and toprovide said one-time token to said login page; a password managerassociated with a mobile device and having a database for storing usercredentials, wherein the password manager is programmed to receive saidone-time token from said login page and to provide said one-time tokento said communication server; wherein the communication server isfurther programmed to receive said one-time token from said passwordmanager and, if said one-time token is valid, provide said one-timetoken to said login page a second time; wherein said login page isfurther programmed to send a request for user credentials of said loginpage to said communication server if said one-time token received fromsaid communication server the second time matches the one-time tokenpreviously received from said communication server; wherein saidcommunication server is further programmed to provide said request foruser credentials to said password manager and said password manager isfurther programmed to provide appropriate user credentials in responseto a second predetermined strategy; and wherein said password manager isfurther programmed to send user credentials to said communication serverand said communication server is programmed to send said usercredentials to said login page.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein saidfirst predetermined strategy comprises the use of said mobile device ina manner other than typing on a keyboard associated with said mobile. 3.The system of claim 2, wherein said first predetermined strategycomprises moving said mobile device is a predetermined manner.
 4. Thesystem of claim 2, wherein said first predetermined strategy comprisesusing said mobile device to record and process a sound played by saidlogin page.
 5. The system of claim 2, wherein said first predeterminedstrategy comprises using said mobile device to scan a barcode displayedby said login page.
 6. The system of claim 2, wherein said secondpredetermined strategy comprises the use of said mobile device in amanner other than typing on a keyboard associated with said mobile. 7.The system of claim 2, wherein said second predetermined strategycomprises the use of biometrics.
 8. The system of claim 2, wherein saidsecond predetermined strategy comprises the use of a fingerprint.
 9. Amethod of providing user credentials, comprising the steps of: sending arequest for a one-time token from a login page to a communicationserver; establishing a secure channel between said login page and saidcommunication server; sending a one-time token from said communicationserver to said login page; broadcasting said one-time token from saidlogin page to a mobile device having a password manager and anassociated database with predetermined user credentials; using saidmobile device according to a first predetermined strategy to authorizereading said one-time token; transmitting said one-time token from saidpassword manager of said mobile device to said communication server inresponse to said first predetermined strategy; verifying said one-timetoken with said communication server and sending said verified one-timetoken to said login page; providing a request for user credentials fromsaid login page to said communication server if said verified one-timetoken matches said one-time token initially provided by saidcommunication server; sending said request for user credentials fromsaid communication server to said password manager of said mobiledevice; providing user credentials from said password manager to saidcommunication server in response to a second predetermined strategy ofusing said mobile device; sending said user credentials to saidcommunication server; and forwarding said user credentials from saidcommunication server to said login page.
 10. The method of claim 9,wherein said first predetermined strategy comprises the use of saidmobile device in a manner other than typing on a keyboard associatedwith said mobile.
 11. The method of claim 10, wherein said firstpredetermined strategy comprises moving said mobile device is apredetermined manner.
 12. The method of claim 11, wherein said firstpredetermined strategy comprises using said mobile device to record andprocess sound played by said login page.
 13. The method of claim 12,wherein said first predetermined strategy comprises using said mobiledevice to scan a barcode displayed by said login page.
 14. The method ofclaim 10, wherein said second predetermined strategy comprises the useof said mobile device in a manner other than typing on a keyboardassociated with said mobile.
 15. The system of claim 14, wherein saidsecond predetermined strategy comprises the use of biometrics.